fossils - определение. Что такое fossils
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Что (кто) такое fossils - определение

PRESERVED REMAINS OR TRACES OF ORGANISMS FROM A PAST GEOLOGICAL AGE
Fossil record; Fossile; Fossils; Nanofossil; Fossilisation; Fossilized; Fossilised; Fossilize; Typolite; Fossiliferous; Fossilization; Dinosaur bones; List of fossils; Body fossil; Subfossil; Sub-fossil; Derived fossil; List of notable fossils; Oldest fossil; Oldest fossils; Fossilise; Fossil formation; Body fossils; Dinosaur bone; Reworked fossil; Cast fossil; Zoolite; Fossil preservation; Preservational processes; Fossilification; Sub fossil; Subfossils; Preserved fossil; Types of fossils; Fossil types; Fossilising; Natural mold; Cast (geology); Casting (geology); Remanie; Fossilization (process)
  • bivalve]] from the [[Logan Formation]], Lower [[Carboniferous]], Ohio
  •  pages = 939–949 }}</ref>
  • Eroded [[Jurassic]] [[plesiosaur]] vertebral centrum found in the Lower [[Cretaceous]] Faringdon Sponge Gravels in Faringdon, England. An example of a ''remanié'' fossil.
  • An example of a pseudofossil: Manganese dendrites on a limestone bedding plane from [[Solnhofen]], Germany; scale in mm
  • A subfossil [[dodo]] skeleton
  • [[Phacopid]] [[trilobite]] ''Eldredgeops rana crassituberculata''. The genus is named after [[Niles Eldredge]].
  • Montage of multiple fossil taxa. Clockwise from top left: ''[[Onychocrinus]]'' and ''[[Palaeosinopa]]''; bottom row: ''[[Gryphaea]]'' and ''[[Harpactocarcinus]]''
  • Some of the most remarkable gaps in the fossil record (as of October 2013) show slanting toward organisms with hard parts.
  • Examples of index fossils
  • [[Crinoid]] columnals (''Isocrinus nicoleti'') from the Middle [[Jurassic]] [[Carmel Formation]] at Mount Carmel Junction, [[Utah]]
  • The wasp ''[[Leptofoenus pittfieldae]]'' trapped in [[Dominican amber]], from 20 to 16&nbsp;million years ago. It is known only from this specimen.
  • Recrystallized [[scleractinia]]n coral (aragonite to calcite) from the [[Jurassic]] of southern Israel
  • Fossil shells from the [[cretaceous]] era sea urchin, [[Micraster]], were used in medieval times as both shepherd's crowns to protect houses, and as painted fairy loaves by bakers to bring luck to their bread-making.
  • Microfossils about 1&nbsp;mm
  • Silicified (replaced with silica) fossils from the Road Canyon Formation (Middle Permian of Texas)
  • Permineralized [[bryozoan]] from the [[Devonian]] of Wisconsin.
  • Cuvier]]'s ''Discours sur les revolutions de la surface du globe''
  •  Lower Proterozoic [[stromatolite]]s from [[Bolivia]], South America
  • Theba geminata]]''

fossilize         
(fossilizes, fossilizing, fossilized)
Note: in BRIT, also use 'fossilise'
1.
If the remains of an animal or plant fossilize or are fossilized, they become hard and form fossils, instead of decaying completely.
The most important parts, the flowers, rarely fossilise...
The survival of the proteins depends on the way in which bones are fossilised.
...fossilized dinosaur bones.
VERB: V, be V-ed, V-ed
2.
If you say that ideas, attitudes, or ways of behaving have fossilized or have been fossilized, you are criticizing the fact that they are fixed and unlikely to change, in spite of changing situations or circumstances.
What they seem to want to do in fact is fossilize the particular environment in which people live and work...
Needs change while policies fossilize.
VERB: V n, V [disapproval]
fossilized
...these fossilized organisations.
ADJ
Fossil         
·noun A substance dug from the earth.
II. Fossil ·adj Dug out of the earth; as, fossil coal; fossil salt.
III. Fossil ·adj Like or pertaining to fossils; contained in rocks, whether petrified or not; as, fossil plants, shells.
IV. Fossil ·noun A person whose views and opinions are extremely antiquated; one whose sympathies are with a former time rather than with the present.
V. Fossil ·noun The remains of an animal or plant found in stratified rocks. Most fossils belong to extinct species, but many of the later ones belong to species still living.
Fossils (play)         
1995 PLAY WRITTEN BY MANUEL ASTON
Fossils is a play written by the Australian playwright Manny Aston. First performed by Theatre South in 1993, it offers a comic view of parents through the eyes of their teenage offspring.

Википедия

Fossil

A fossil (from Classical Latin fossilis, lit.'obtained by digging') is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the fossil record.

Paleontology is the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are usually considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old. The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years old to 4.1 billion years old. The observation in the 19th century that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led to the recognition of a geological timescale and the relative ages of different fossils. The development of radiometric dating techniques in the early 20th century allowed scientists to quantitatively measure the absolute ages of rocks and the fossils they host.

There are many processes that lead to fossilization, including permineralization, casts and molds, authigenic mineralization, replacement and recrystallization, adpression, carbonization, and bioimmuration.

Fossils vary in size from one-micrometre (1 µm) bacteria to dinosaurs and trees, many meters long and weighing many tons. A fossil normally preserves only a portion of the deceased organism, usually that portion that was partially mineralized during life, such as the bones and teeth of vertebrates, or the chitinous or calcareous exoskeletons of invertebrates. Fossils may also consist of the marks left behind by the organism while it was alive, such as animal tracks or feces (coprolites). These types of fossil are called trace fossils or ichnofossils, as opposed to body fossils. Some fossils are biochemical and are called chemofossils or biosignatures.

Примеры употребления для fossils
1. There are older (fossils) from Europe and younger (fossils) in North America and not much in between.
2. "Because they were flying animals, their fossils are extremely rare.
3. The fossils date back to the Late Cretaceous period.
4. "But a lot of them just want to sell fossils." Dinosaur fossils also turn up by the hundreds at shows, in catalogues and on Internet auction sites.
5. Destroyers may be living fossils in comparison, with no role in modern war, but from the navy‘s point of view, at least they were their fossils.